Papers.

Crowdsourced translation for emergency response in Haiti: the global collaboration of local knowledge

CrossBridge: Finding Analogies Using Dimensionality Reduction

Couverture : an Innovative Open Framework for Coverage Analysis of Safety Critical Applications

Cost-sensitive Boosting for Concept Drift

Proposes a cost-sensitive variant of AdaBoost for learning under concept drift, selectively reweighting outdated source-domain instances so that a boosted ensemble adapts to an evolving target distribution.

Context-informed semantic interoperation

Applicative Serials and the Ditransitive Direct Object Puzzle in Turkic

Annotation Time Stamps - Temporal Metadata from the Linguistic Annotation Process.

Análisis de algoritmos para la construcción de arreglo de sufijos en tiempo lineal

ACE3P Computations of Wakefield Coupling in the CLIC Two-beam Accelerator

The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) provides a path to a multi-TeV accelerator to explore the energy frontier of High Energy Physics. Its novel two-beam accelerator concept envisions rf power transfer to the accelerating structures from a separate high-current decelerator beam line consisting of power extraction and transfer structures (PETS). It is critical to numerically verify the fundamental and higher-order mode properties in and between the two beam lines with high accuracy and confidence. To solve these large-scale problems, SLAC's parallel finite element electromagnetic code suite ACE3P is employed. Using curvilinear conformal meshes and higher-order finite element vector basis functions, unprecedented accuracy and computational efficiency are achieved, enabling high-fidelity modeling of complex detuned structures such as the CLIC TD24 accelerating structure. In this paper, time-domain simulations of wakefield coupling effects in the combined system of PETS and the TD24 structures are presented. The results will help to identify potential issues and provide new insights on the design, leading to further improvements on the novel CLIC two-beam accelerator scheme.

A Proposal for a Configurable Silver Standard.

A New Approach to Lexical Disambiguation of Arabic Text

A Natural Platform for Artificial Intelligence

A Comparison of Models for Cost-Sensitive Active Learning.

A Cognitive Cost Model of Annotations Based on Eye-Tracking Data.

The Discrete Fundamental Group of the Associahedron

k-Parabolic Subspace Arrangements

Model-Based Engineering for the Development of ARINC653 Architectures

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The concept of partitioned kernel, introduced by the Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture comes with new challenges (isolation enforcement, partitioning trade-off, etc.) that must be addressed during the design and the implementation of partitioned architectures. However, the development process frequently consists in handwriting code, which makes difficult the analysis of the system. Such a development process does not ease the design of high-integrity systems.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Model Based Engineering describes architecture and application requirements with models. Models can be then used to ensure requirements enforcement or produce code, ensuring that requirements are enforced inside the implementation.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, we claim the Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) as a valuable candidate to support a Model-Based method for the design and the implementation of ARINC653 systems. Using the AADL as a backbone language, we model such architectures using first-class citizen AADL constructs (virtual processors and buses) and detail their validation. We present our code generator that automatically assembles, configures and deploys application code from AADL models. We also discuss the efficiency of a model-based approach in the design of certifiable systems and explain how it helps the system integrator to certify its system.</div>

Computer Verified Exact Analysis (Tutorial)

Fighting bit Rot with Types (Experience Report: Scala Collections)

We report on our experiences in redesigning Scala's collection libraries, focussing on the role that type systems play in keeping software architectures coherent over time. Type systems can make software architecture more explicit but, if they are too weak, can also cause code duplication. We show that code duplication can be avoided using two of Scala's type constructions: higher-kinded types and implicit parameters and conversions.

NK cell receptors 2B4 and NKp46 utilize FcεRIγ for cell-mediated cytotoxicity (134.18)

ITAM-containing adaptors such as CD3ζ, FcεRIγ, and DAP12 are linked to a variety of activating receptors on NK cells and are thus presumed to be important for NK cell cytotoxicity, but whether these ITAM adaptors are unique or functionally redundant in the development of cytotoxicity has remained elusive. Two receptors expressed on NK cells, 2B4 and NKp46, can activate "natural cytotoxicity" against EBV transformed B cells or redirect ADCC. We therefore examined the requirement for ITAM adaptors in 2B4 and NKp46-initiated cytotoxicity using siRNA suppression. Here we provide evidence that FcεRIγ is required for 2B4-initiated cytotoxicity in redirected ADCC assays, whereas CD3ζ and DAP12 are not. Importantly, 2B4 surface levels were not altered by suppression of FcεRIγ, suggesting the possibility that this ITAM adaptor was functioning to costimulate 2B4-initiated killing. Interestingly, FcεRIγ, but not CD3ζ, was important for NKp46-initated cytotoxicity in redirected ADCC assays and siRNA toward FcεRIγ led to a significant reduction in NKp46 surface levels. FcεRIγ is thus an important ITAM adaptor molecule for cytotoxicity initiated by 2B4 through the regulation of NKp46 cell surface levels. FcεRIγ may also be important for killing EBV transformed cells since 2B4 and NKp46 are involved in killing EBV transformed B cells. This work was supported by NCI grant CA47752 to D.D.B. and NIH grant F31-AI75632 to A.T.B.

Integrative Data Analysis for Biological Discovery

North American Natural Gas Supply Forecast: The Hubbert Method Including the Effects of Institutions

In this article, the U.S. and southern Canadian natural gas supply market is considered. An important model for oil and natural gas supply is the Hubbert curve. Not all regions of the world are producing oil or natural gas following a Hubbert curve, even when price and market conditions are accounted for. One reason is that institutions are affecting supply. We investigate the possible effects of oil and gas market institutions in North America on natural gas supply. A multi-cycle Hubbert curve with inflection points similar to the Soviet Union's oil production multi-cycle Hubbert curve is used to determine North American natural gas discovery rates and to analyze how market specific institutions caused the inflection points. In addition, we analyze the latest shale natural gas projections critically. While currently, unconventional resources of natural gas suggest that North American natural gas production will increase without bound, the model here suggests a peak in North American natural gas supplies could happen in 2013.

Tendencias en minería de datos de la Web

Accurate Argumentative Zoning with Maximum Entropy models

We present a maximum entropy classifier that significantly improves the accuracy of Argumentative Zoning in scientific literature. We examine the features used to achieve this result and experiment with Argumentative Zoning as a sequence tagging task, decoded with Viterbi using up to four previous classification decisions. The result is a 23% F-score increase on the Computational Linguistics conference papers marked up by Teufel (1999). Finally, we demonstrate the performance of our system in different scientific domains by applying it to a corpus of Astronomy journal articles annotated using a modified Argumentative Zoning scheme.

Labeled LDA: A supervised topic model for credit attribution in multi-labeled corpora

A significant portion of the world's text is tagged by readers on social bookmarking websites. Credit attribution is an inherent problem in these corpora because most pages have multiple tags, but the tags do not always apply with equal specificity across the whole document. Solving the credit attribution problem requires associating each word in a document with the most appropriate tags and vice versa. This paper introduces Labeled LDA, a topic model that constrains Latent Dirichlet Allocation by defining a one-to-one correspondence between LDA's latent topics and user tags. This allows Labeled LDA to directly learn word-tag correspondences. We demonstrate Labeled LDA's improved expressiveness over traditional LDA with visualizations of a corpus of tagged web pages from del.icio.us. Labeled LDA outperforms SVMs by more than 3 to 1 when extracting tag-specific document snippets. As a multi-label text classifier, our model is competitive with a discriminative baseline on a variety of datasets.

Using Large-scale Parser Output to Guide Grammar Development

This paper reports on guiding parser development by extracting information from output of a large-scale parser applied to Wikipedia documents. Data-driven parser improvement is especially important for applications where the corpus may differ from that originally used to develop the core grammar and where efficiency concerns affect whether a new construction should be added, or existing analyses modified. The large size of the corpus in question also brings scalability concerns to the foreground.

The annotation conundrum

Latent Dirichlet Allocation with Topic-in-Set Knowledge

Latent Dirichlet Allocation is an unsupervised graphical model which can discover latent topics in unlabeled data. We propose a mechanism for adding partial supervision, called topic-in-set knowledge, to latent topic modeling. This type of supervision can be used to encourage the recovery of topics which are more relevant to user modeling goals than the topics which would be recovered otherwise. Preliminary experiments on text datasets are presented to demonstrate the potential effectiveness of this method.

May All Your Wishes Come True: A Study of Wishes and How to Recognize Them

A wish is "a desire or hope for something to happen." In December 2007, people from around the world offered up their wishes to be printed on confetti and dropped from the sky during the famous New Year's Eve "ball drop" in New York City's Times Square. We present an in-depth analysis of this collection of wishes. We then leverage this unique resource to conduct the first study on building general "wish detectors" for natural language text. Wish detection complements traditional sentiment analysis and is valuable for collecting business intelligence and insights into the world's wants and desires. We demonstrate the wish detectors' effectiveness on domains as diverse as consumer product reviews and online political discussions.

Enabling immersive simulation.

The object of the 'Enabling Immersive Simulation for Complex Systems Analysis and Training' LDRD has been to research, design, and engineer a capability to develop simulations which (1) provide a rich, immersive interface for participation by real humans (exploiting existing high-performance game-engine technology wherever possible), and (2) can leverage Sandia's substantial investment in high-fidelity physical and cognitive models implemented in the Umbra simulation framework. We report here on these efforts. First, we describe the integration of Sandia's Umbra modular simulation framework with the open-source Delta3D game engine. Next, we report on Umbra's integration with Sandia's Cognitive Foundry, specifically to provide for learning behaviors for 'virtual teammates' directly from observed human behavior. Finally, we describe the integration of Delta3D with the ABL behavior engine, and report on research into establishing the theoretical framework that will be required to make use of tools like ABL to scale up to increasingly rich and realistic virtual characters.

Investigating /l/ variation in English through forced alignment

Automatic formant extraction for sociolinguistic analysis of large corpora

The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: Emission Leakage and the Effectiveness of Interstate Border Adjustments

The Compensation of University Presidents: A Principal-Agent Theory and Empirical Evidence

Relative Weights on Performance Measures in a Principal-Agent Model with Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection

Spotting the Difference: A Source Code Comparison Tool

M.Sc. thesis underlying the Software: Practice and Experience article. It introduces Vision, a single-pane source code comparison tool in which common text is shown once and differences are merged into a single readable text, with difference classification, fine-grained granularity and intelligent white space handling, and evaluates it against Eclipse's two-pane comparison in a 16-participant usability experiment.

Distinguishing Knowledge vs Social Capital in Social Media with Roles and Context

Diversity of User Activity and Content Quality in Online Communities

Web sites where users create and rate content display long-tailed distributions in many aspects of behavior. Using one such community site, Essembly, we propose and evaluate mechanisms to explain these behaviors. Unlike purely descriptive models, these mechanisms rely on user behaviors based on information available to each user. For Essembly, we find the long-tails arise from large differences among user activity rates, the time users devote to the site, and qualities of the rated content. The models not only explain overall behavior but also allow estimating the properties of users and content from their early behaviors.

Video Processing Techniques for Assisted CCTV Inspection and Condition Rating of Sewers

Linkage Query Writer

Gemini, a Bifunctional Enzymatic and Fluorescent Reporter of Gene Expression

Huygens-Fresnel principle for surface plasmons

We present an explicit form of the surface plasmon propagator. Its form has the structure of a vectorial Huygens-Fresnel principle. The propagator appears to be a powerful tool to deal with diffraction, interference and focusing of surface plasmons. In contrast with the scalar approximation used so far, the vectorial propagator accounts for near-field and polarization effects.

Searching

Whole genome duplications and expansion of the vertebrate GATA transcription factor gene family

BioProspecting: novel marker discovery obtained by mining the bibleome

Selective Forward Body Bias for High Speed and Low Power SRAMs

Computer forensics curriculum in security education

LITSEEK: public health literature search by metadata enhancement with external knowledge bases

Validate, simulate, and implement ARINC653 systems using the AADL

Safety-critical systems are widely used in different domains and lead to an increasing complexity. Such systems rely on specific services such space and time isolation as in the ARINC653 avionics standard. Their criticality requires a carefully driven design based on an appropriate development process and dedicated tools to detect and avoid problems as early as possible.

Media on the web, in post-production and broadcasting